VPNs suna daga cikin shahararrun kayan aikin sirri na duniya — amma shin a zahiri sun halatta? Amsar ta dogara da inda kuke zaune, yadda kuke amfani da su, da abin da gwamnatin ku ke tunani game da sirri akan layi. Wannan jagora ya rufe kowace ƙasa da yanki inda halaccin VPN ba shi da sauƙi, da kuma jerin wakilai na ƙasashen da VPNs suka halatta gaba ɗaya.
Ƙasashen da aka haramta ko aka hana VPNs
A waɗannan ƙasashe, amfani da VPN a matsayin ɗan ƙasa na yau da kullun ba bisa ka'ida ba ne kai tsaye. Yin amfani da VPN zai iya haifar da tara, ɗaurin kurkuku, ko duka biyu.
- 🇰🇵 Koriya ta Arewa — Damar shiga intanet ɗin kanta tana da iyaka sosai ga ƙaramin ɓangare. VPNs ba bisa ka'ida ba ne gaba ɗaya. 'Yan ƙasa na yau da kullun suna shiga ne kawai zuwa intranet ɗin da gwamnati ke sarrafa (Kwangmyong).
- 🇹🇲 Turkmenistan — VPNs ba bisa ka'ida ba ne. Gwamnati tana sa ido kan duk zirga-zirgar intanet ta hanyar ISP ɗaya da ta mallaki (Turkmentelecom) kuma tana toshe ka'idodin VPN sosai. 'Yan ƙasa da aka kama suna amfani da VPNs suna fuskantar hukunce-hukunce.
- 🇮🇶 Iraqi — An toshe sosai, amma ba a haramta ta hanyar doka ba. Hukumar Sadarwa da Watsa Labarai ta Iraqi ta umurci ISPs su toshe masu samar da VPN na masu siye, asali aka karɓa yayin yaƙin neman zaɓe na danne bayanan ISIS kuma an kiyaye shi sosai tun lokacin. Aiwatarwa shi ne ta hanyar toshe masu samar da kayayyaki, ba ta hanyar gurfanar da masu amfani ba. Kashe intanet yayin zanga-zanga abu ne na yau da kullun.
Ƙasashen da aka iyakance VPNs
A waɗannan ƙasashe, VPNs ba bisa ka'ida ba ne kai tsaye, amma amfani da su yana da tsari sosai. Yawanci, kawai VPNs da gwamnati ta amince da su sun yarda, masu samar da VPN da ba a yarda da su ba an toshe su, ko amfani da VPNs don wasu dalilai yana ɗaukar hukunce-hukunce.
- 🇨🇳 China — Kawai VPNs da gwamnati ta amince da su (waɗanda MIIT ke ba da lasisi) sun halatta. Babbar bangon wuta tana ci gaba da bunkasa don gano da kuma toshe ka'idodin VPN na masu siye. An rubuta tara na mutum ɗaya a cikin igiyar aiwatarwa ta ƙasa baki ɗaya na 2023 (lamuran Shanghai, Chongqing) — hukunce-hukunce yawanci 500-15,500 RMB. VPNs na kamfani da aka amince da su (don kamfanonin ƙasashen waje da ke aiki a China) sun kasance halal.
- 🇷🇺 Rasha — Tun 2017, masu samar da VPN dole su yi rajista da hukumomi kuma su bi jerin baƙar fata na tantance gwamnati. VPNs da ba sa bin ka'ida ana toshe su ta Roskomnadzor. Amfani na mutum ɗaya ba shi da laifi kai tsaye, amma masu samar da kayayyaki suna fuskantar hukunce-hukunce masu nauyi.
- 🇮🇷 Iran — Kawai VPNs da gwamnati ta ba da izini sun halatta. Bayan zanga-zangar Satumba 2022 (Mahsa Amini), karɓar VPN ya ƙaru zuwa kusan kashi 60-80% na masu amfani da intanet; daidai, gwamnati ta ƙarfafa toshe ka'idodin VPN na waje. Yawancin Iraniyawa har yanzu suna amfani da VPNs da ba a amince da su ba.
- 🇧🇾 Belarus — An haramta VPNs da Tor tun 2015. Gwamnati tana toshe sabis na VPN sosai kuma ta tara mutanen da aka kama suna amfani da su.
- 🇴🇲 Oman — Amfani na VPN na sirri ba bisa ka'ida ba ne ba tare da izinin gwamnati ba. Yin amfani da VPN don shiga sabis na VoIP da aka toshe (kamar kira na WhatsApp ko Skype) zai iya haifar da tara har zuwa $1,300.
- 🇹🇷 Turkey — AMFANI da VPN na sirri ya halatta — babu hukuncin laifi musamman don amfani da VPN. Koyaya, MASU SAMARWA an toshe su sosai: gwamnati tana yawan umurnin ISPs su toshe sabis na VPN na masu siye da Tor, musamman yayin tashin hankali na siyasa.
- 🇦🇪 UAE — VPNs sun halatta don amfanin kasuwanci da amfanin sirri na halal. Koyaya, yin amfani da VPN don aikata laifi ko shiga sabis na VoIP da aka toshe zai iya haifar da tara na $136,000-$545,000 da ɗaurin kurkuku.
- 🇪🇬 Misira — VPNs ba bisa ka'ida ba ne a fili, amma gwamnati tana toshe yawancin masu samar da VPN da sabis na VoIP. Dokar 2018 ta ba da damar hukumomi su toshe gidajen yanar gizo da ke barazana ga tsaron kasa.
- 🇺🇬 Uganda — VPNs sun halatta, amma gwamnati ta toshe su yayin zaɓuka da zanga-zangar siyasa. Harajin kafofin watsa labarun ya tura miliyoyin karɓar VPNs.
- 🇹🇿 Tanzania — VPNs sun halatta amma an tsara su. Gwamnati ta zartar da tsauraran dokokin laifi na intanet kuma tana buƙatar bloggers su yi rajista.
- 🇲🇲 Myanmar — Tun bayan juyin mulki na soja na 2021, sojoji sun haramta VPNs. Gwamnatin soja tana toshe sabis na VPN sosai kuma sun kama mutane don amfani da VPN.
Ƙasashen da ke da rashin tabbas ko halaccin yankin launin toka
A waɗannan ƙasashe, VPNs ba a haramta su a fili ba, amma suna wanzu a cikin yankin launin toka na shari'a saboda tsananin tantance intanet, dokokin da ba su da fayyace, ko aiwatarwa mara daidaituwa. Yin amfani da VPN ba zai iya gurfanar da ku ba, amma zai iya jawo hankali da ba a so.
- 🇵🇰 Pakistan — Halal ne ga kasuwanci da rajistar PTA. Daga ƙarshen 2024, Hukumar Sadarwa ta Pakistan ta faɗaɗa wannan buƙata don rufe masu amfani daban-daban — amfani da VPN na sirri da ba a yi rajista ba ya canza daga "yankin launin toka" zuwa "an haramta a fasaha".
- 🇨🇺 Cuba — VPNs ba bisa ka'ida ba ne a fili, amma damar intanet ɗin kanta tana da iko sosai kuma tana da tsada.
- 🇸🇾 Siriya — Babu wani haramcin VPN a fili, amma gwamnati tana tantance intanet sosai kuma tana sa ido kan ayyukan kan layi.
- 🇻🇪 Venezuela — VPNs ba bisa ka'ida ba ne, amma gwamnati ta umurci ISPs su toshe zirga-zirgar VPN da Tor yayin zanga-zangar siyasa.
- 🇪🇹 Habasha — VPNs sun halatta, amma gwamnati tana sarrafa ISP ɗaya (Ethio Telecom) kuma ta kashe intanet gaba ɗaya yayin zanga-zanga.
- 🇺🇿 Uzbekistan — VPNs ba a haramta su a fili ba, amma gwamnati tana toshe gidajen yanar gizo na VPN kuma tana iyakance damar shiga ka'idodin VPN.
- 🇹🇯 Tajikistan — Tsananin tantance intanet, dokoki marasa fayyace game da amfani da VPN.
- 🇻🇳 Vietnam — Ana amfani da VPNs sosai; matsayin shari'a ba shi da fayyace a fasaha, tare da toshewa lokaci-lokaci na gwamnati.
- 🇧🇭 Bahrain, 🇶🇦 Qatar, 🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia, 🇯🇴 Jordan, 🇱🇾 Libya, 🇪🇷 Eritrea, 🇸🇩 Sudan, 🇸🇸 Sudan ta Kudu, 🇬🇶 Equatorial Guinea, 🇱🇦 Laos, 🇰🇭 Cambodia — Nau'ikan tantance intanet daban-daban + halacci na VPN da ba shi da fayyace. Amfani na sirri yawanci ba a gurfanar ba, amma amfani mai saurin siyasa yana ɗauke da haɗari.
Ƙasashen da VPNs suka halatta gaba ɗaya
A yawancin duniya, VPNs sun halatta gaba ɗaya ba tare da iyakancewa don amfani na sirri ko na kasuwanci ba. Jerin wakili — idan ba a ambaci ƙasarku a cikin kowane sashi a sama ba, kusan tabbas VPNs sun halatta a can.
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Ko a ƙasashen da suka halatta, waɗannan amfani na VPN har yanzu ba bisa ka'ida ba ne
Yin amfani da VPN ba ya bayar da kariya daga dokokin da suke akwai. Waɗannan na ci gaba da zama ba bisa ka'ida ba ko ana amfani da VPN ko a'a:
- 🚫 Kutsawa ko hare-haren intanet — Yin amfani da VPN don ɓoye asalin ku yayin gudanar da hare-haren intanet, samun damar shiga tsarin ba tare da izini ba, ko rarraba malware babban laifi ne a kusan kowane hurumi.
- 🚫 Satar haƙƙin mallaka — Sauke ko rarraba abubuwan da aka kare da haƙƙin mallaka (fina-finai, kiɗa, software) ba tare da izini ba ba bisa ka'ida ba ne ko ana amfani da VPN ko a'a.
- 🚫 Zamba da satar asali — Hukunce-hukunce masu tsanani na laifi. VPN ba ya ba da kariya — tilasta doka tana iya kuma tana samun bayanan masu samar da VPN ta hanyar tsarin shari'a.
- 🚫 Siyan kayan da ba bisa ka'ida ba — Siyan magunguna ba bisa ka'ida ba, makamai, ko wasu kayan haramun ta hanyar kasuwanni na yanar gizo mai duhu ba bisa ka'ida ba ne ko ana amfani da VPN ko a'a.
- ⚠️ Keta sharuɗɗan sabis — Ba lallai ba bisa ka'ida ba, amma yin amfani da VPN don kewaye takunkumin geo akan sabis na yawo yana keta ToS. Sabis kamar Netflix suna gano da kuma toshe haɗin VPN sosai. Ba za ku tafi kurkuku ba, amma asusun ku zai iya zama dakatarwa.